http://Surveyor's club.com

Antara Kesilapan Apabila Mengira Cerapan Matahari

2011-07-23T06:44:00.000-07:00

Salam satu Malaysia...

Hari telah selasai aku menjalankan kerja pengukuran di atas lot 609 kerubong. Permulaan yg begitu tidak menarik. Sebagaimana kerja yg sebelumnya, setiap kerja perlukan matahari. Kerana ia adalah kawalan bearing se malaysia. Kesilapan banyak terjadi ketika mengambil cerapan dan juga semasa mengira cerapan matahari. hari ini aku akan sentuh kesilapan yang mungkin anda akan lakukan sebagaimana terjadi pada aku hari ini. Kesilapan tersebut adalah mengenai kesilapan melihat koordinat pada pelan akui..hihihihi,,,Funny..!!!!but beware...

Reason:
Kebanyakan Pelan akui lama adalah berdasarkan link..so koorninat yang tertera dalam pa tersebut msti didarabkan dgn 0.201168. dan kerana kesilapan tersebut la,kerja tergendala.. Xpe hasbullah,belajar dari kesilapan..

Stop..!!!

Cita plak pasal keje.keje yang aku bt 2 sendiri punya job. aku dgn kawan aku dapat. Tuan tanah nk mintak aku ukur sempadan. Sbb nk pasang pagar. kerja senang jer aku ingat. Rupanya, mmg terbaik tmpat ukur 2..hutan yang amat tebal..kesian kt pekerja aku(ary nie jd bos==))),muka mmg xleh blah. Keletihan yang amat sgt. Tp bila dapat duit,muka terus berubah..hahahaha,,itulah penangan duit di kalangan manusia.. Mmg tidak perlu dinafikan lg.. Aku masih lagi pakai skim 20/30. Yang mana bos kene dapat 30,dan yang selebihnya bagi kt pekerja..Orang bawah kene jaga. Jangan nk cari duit jer sampai kita lupa orang bawahan...stop kt sini..!!!assalamualaikum

"In order to succeed, your desire for success should be greater than your fear of failure"

Star Almanac 2011

2011-07-20T06:22:00.000-07:00

Salam rakan2 semua.... disini saya ada mempunyai perisian digital star almanak bagi tahun 2011..
sesiapa yang berminat sila tinggalkan email anda..time kasih

Apa itu GSA 1960 Act( Tanah Rancangan Berkelompok)

2011-04-17T23:50:00.000-07:00

Hai kawan2....Hari nie post berbentuk ilmiah skit k. Asyik tulis hal personal jer. k lah mengikut tajuk diatas, GSA telah ditubuhkan pada tahun 1960 di bawah federal land skim. GSA bermaksud sesebuah kawasan yang diisytiharkan sebagai tanah berkelompok yang mempunyai tujuan. Kalo nk advance lg korang boleh refer section 4. Tp bukan NLC tau..GSA60...

Macam mane GSA ini boleh diwujudkan???

Kerajaan negeri( state autority) akan membuat pengumuman yang mana sesebuah kawasan itu telah diwartakan. Ini tidak termasuk di dalam kawasan terpilih yang mana akan menjadi GSA.

Dan yang paling penting dalam GSA nie adalah The Termination of Group Settlement Area. Ini la yang menjadi buah mulut org ramai yang mempunyai GSA. Perlu diingat bahawa tanah GSA nie xsama tau dgn tanah yang dikurnia oleh Kanun tanah negara. Aku bagi contoh kt korang la. Korang gie FELDA, tgk keadaan kt sana macam mana. Peneroka nie terikat dgn perjanjian tau. Tanah yang diberi kepada mereka tu, belum confirm ag dapat hak milik. Pemilik plak xboleh lebih dari 2 orang sahaja. Iaitu Suami dan isteri sahaja. Kita bandingkan dgn kanun tanah negara. Tanah yang diberi milik boleh diwasiatkan/tukar nama tanpa kekangan langsung. Tanah GSA nie jgk xleh nk pecah lot, camtum lot, dan jgk pecah sempadan. Selagi xdpat hakmilik under kanun tanah negara. Nk hapuskan sekatan?????

Nk bgtau nie..Pegi kt jumpe officer kt State Autority tu then bincang dgn dia ckp nk tukar GSA nie kepada KTN, pastu pihak State Autority akan mengajukan permohonan anda terus kepada menteri yang berkenaan. After that korang kene tunggu jer la sampai surat dari kementerian yang berkenaan. Time nie lah aku rase penantian tang amat gila. Xmudah utk diluluskan permohonan 2. GSA amat menguntungkan sebenarnye. Hasilnya amat byk utk disumbangkan kepada ekonomi negara. Terlalu byk. Yang 2 semua korang pikir la sendiri..

Lupa nk masukkan syarat 2 nk terminate GSA. sebelum gie ke State Autority. Syarat kene penuhi dulu. Syaratnya:

Every part of area previously included in a designated area shall cease to be part of the designated area.
any land reserved by the commissioner for public purpose shall be deemed to have been reserved by the State Autority under section 62 of NLC
the land (GSA) Act 1960 shall cease to apply to land in the area.

So aku stop dulu utk kaly nie..Harap post kaly nie dapat menbantu anda untuk memahami konsep atau secara definisinya apa itu GSA...salam sejahtera

Xjemu ke???

2011-04-16T03:11:00.001-07:00

Hari nie mendung jer. Sayu jer cuace. Meratapi kesedihan hidup kot. hahahah.. Ary nie aku duk umah jer. Xbt pape pown. Maklumlah shah alam ujan jer. Online memanjang pastu dgr Klip video nie..

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KBGNqa19lyY

asyik ulang lagu sama jer.. Aku rasa dah seribu kali kot aku dgr.hahahah,,xjemu ke dollah oii..!!!. entah la. Aku pown xpaham dgn diri aku nie.Layan jer lah video 2 k...

bye...!!!

My favourite Song Hacked by Another People

2011-04-15T11:13:00.000-07:00

Actually for this entry just wants to tell my favourite(Belaian Jiwa) song is hacked by minah salleh.. Hahahaha...mmg agak lawak la. td aku bukak youtube tergelak sowang tgk mat salleh nyanyi lagu nie. but it quite ok la cumma cara sebutan 2 agak lawak la. Bese la, Minah salleh kan.. korang layan la video nie

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Np9K5Hlqrog

belaian jiwa is my favourite song for ever. Xtau la kenapa lagu jdi pilihan antara banyak2 lagu yang ada di malaysia nie. Sebab lagu nie menenangkan aku. Knape???mai sini nk habaq...Kata- kata halus jer...susunan ayat pown tersusun atur. Lenggok suara dinyanyikan mmg sempurna. Mmg Perfect la. Tp time aku dgr lagu nie, ada jgk orang yang xsuka. Nak bt cam ne kan. Sbb pe xtau. Ada orang ckp aku nie jiwang la, disebabkan kan lagu nie. hahaha,,pe aku kisah. aku punye kesukaan.

Lagu nie mmg byk kenangannya. kalo xnk cite mmg xabis la. Smpai mat salleh pown blh nyanyi lagu nie.hahahah....Aku tawu setiap orang msti punyai pilihan lagu masing2 kan. Dan jalan cerita di sebaliknya hnya orang itu jer yang tawu. So lantak korang la nk layan lagu pe pown but please respect apa yang yang menjadi kesukaan orang lain jgk k....Salam..!!!1

"Qistina Reny" Dalam ingatan 1985-2011

2011-04-15T08:59:00.000-07:00

Sejak kebelakangan nie ar byk sgt perkara yang xdijangka tertulis di depan mata. Nk terima pown payah. Tp apakan daya, Hidup aku kepentingan blh dianggap hanya sebesar kuman. So redo jer lah dgn apa yang berlaku. Semalam satu ag perkara yang tak aku jangkakan telh berlaku, yang mana salah seorang pelajar sains geomatik telah pergi meninggalkan kita buat selamanya. Qistina Reny mmg aku dah kenal sejak mula sem nie lg. Same class in MAT253 kot. Orang pandai.. Hapy go lucck.hihihi.. But Allah sgt sayangkan dia aku rasa dan memangpown. Baru memeluk islam lebih kurang 4 tahun, ku kira putih nye kain yang terlekat dgn dosa itu masih putih berseri. X Macam Aku nie. Dah Meron agaknye. Tp nk dijdikan cerita,minggu lepas ada kelas mate tau. Pastu ada kuiz plak.. Secara kebetulannye plak, abis kuiz kene marking kerts. AKu dapat kertas die. And then die dapat kertas aku. Kiteorg Sma2 la marking kertas 2. Die Dapat 7 jer daripada 34 kot.hahahaha. Aku lg la.1 jer.mmg xcukup makan. tp time aku antar kertas 2, aku sempat ckp kt die yang..

Qis: Awk write kertas sape??

aku: Saya write kertas awk la

Qis: bape dapt?

aku: 7 lebih ar

Qis: Emm

Qis: Awak nama sape?

Aku: hasbullah

Qis: lar..Awak dapat......

xsempt die cakap aku dah potong dh.hihihi,,aku ckp kt die xpayah bgtau ar sbb aku pown dah tau dah markah aku. mmg fail la.... Tp 2 la,nyesal jgk....kanyo muka die. org nk ckp tp aku dah potong awal2. Nyesal pown xguna, past is past.. Sehingga la petang semlam kawan aku tibe2 bukak cita yang qis nie dulu nye kristian. Pelik jgk aku npe plak tibe2 boleh kuar bend nie. Diorng bercerita, aku pown pasang telinga la.hahaha.. Pe yang aku dgr dulu mase Qis nie peluk islam, Awal2 lg bapak die dah dapat tawu. Kawan makan Kawan la. Bapak si arwah nie datang sampai ke semenanjung cari nk bawak balik. Tp mase itu kt arau, lecture pakat duk halang. Nasib baik la. Die pown dh nekad kan. Terima jer walopown dimusuhi oleh ahli keluarka sendiri.

Tp mmg respect l si arwah nie. Orang nye kecik ajer. Tp semangat mmg Kental beb..!! Caya la.. Tp ari nie aku nk tawu sgt si arwah nie dikebumikan kt mana? da sesiapa yang tawu x?? Pasni aku kene selongkar banyak perkara lg. Mane tau boleh bt buku ker. Penghargaan bt seseorng. Tp 2 la, aku pown dah ase lain macam jer sekarang nie. Tgk la, senang2 jer nak mati. Sakit skit jer, pastu padam. Itu nasib Arwah. Nasib aku belom tawu ag.. Naik meremang bulu roma aku bile tulis entry nie. Aku rasa la tmpat arwah 2 mmg dijanjikn ke syurga. Die peluk islam 2 sebab dapat hidayah sebelum hari-hari akhir Arwah di muka bumi nie. Dan pemergian beliau jgk menyebabkan aku mula berpikir kembali untuk hidup aku yang seterusnya.

Aku nk tunjuk satu fotoshoot yang aku ambik sendiri time hari sukan baru nie. Die nie mmg sporting la aku nk cakap. Kalo xcaya korang boleh la tgk sendiri..Layan...

Arwah Qistina Reny

Tp gambar nie xleh la nak display lama2 tau . Orang dah xde la.

Tadi aku ada terbace beberapa blog yang menulis pasal arwah. Termasuklah kawan2 kristian arwah dulu. Ada satu blog 2 ckp yang die miss sgt kt arwah nie. Sbb dah lama arwah xbalik kan. Die pown ada yang keluarga arwah nie rindu sgt2 kt arwah nie. Aku percaya walo pown keluarga arwah nie menentang arwah memeluk islam. Tp selaku bapak dan ibu yang membesarkan ank tersebut mesti la jgk ada perasaan belas dan kasih itu. Mulut jer kata benci tp hati tetap sayang.

Sedih jgk la, di akhir-akhir hidup arwah. Arwah tidak dapat merasa belaian kasih dan sayang daripada keluarganya. Tp walaupun cam 2, si arwah nie mmg tabah. Kalo tgk muka die pown jenis yang selambe jer. Tp hati?? Cuma die jer lah yang tawu. Td ada yang ckp arwah nie xpernah nk hitam. Bt la keje cam mane pown, mst putih jer kulit dia. Hahaha... lucu jgk la..

So aku rasa aku pown kene stop kat sini. Takot lg byk aku ckp kang, lagi byk yang xbtoinye. Orang dah xde. Kat sini aku nk bt konklusi bahawa, hidup nie adalah pinjaman semata2. Andai kita dipanggil mengadapnye, Kamu xboleh lari kawan...Sentiasa lah bermuhasabah diri. Dan utk diri aku nie. Selepas nie aku kan lebih menghargai hidup. Walaupun hidup aku xseberapa. Insyaalah perubahan itu mmg tetap kan ada. Menanti hidaya yangxkunjung tiba. Tapi akan Ku cari mu...!!!!!

Buat insan Yang bergelar Qistina Reny. Hidupmu sebuah perjalanan yang nyata. Yang mana Kau tempuh derita nya Dgn kesabaran yang teramat halus. dan kerana kehalusan itulah membuatkan bangkit utk menerukan saki baki hari yang ada. Perginya kau meninggal kan seribu satu pengertian. Yang mana telah dicoretkan di segenap pelusuk minda dan warisan. Sedekahkan lah al-fatihah utk beliau. Jasadmu tiada ,budi baikmu ku ingat, perlakuanmu ku catat,dan memori bersamamu kan ku kekal sepanjang hayat.Assalamualaikum..

Digital Elevation Model

2011-04-13T08:03:00.000-07:00

Here some examples for digital elevation model...Please leave your comment..

That all.thanks..!!

GPS Technique And It Application

2011-04-12T11:54:00.000-07:00

Here some examples for a few technique in GPS observation including the application. Hope it will guide you..thanks..!!!

Slide Show k..!!

Problem In Malay Reserve Land

2011-04-08T01:07:00.000-07:00

Last few day a go. i got the new assignment in land regulation. So today i complete to do this assignment. Let's check my answer.

First Pages

Second Pages

Third Pages

Fourth Pages

Firth Pages

So if anyone have the different answer, Please share your answer with me. Thanks...

Assalamualaikum....

"Dead is noted for us"

2011-04-02T06:32:00.000-07:00

Recently, i heard that so many accident involved uitm student. A few day ago, one of uitm shah alam student die because involved accident at roundabout sction 2 shah alm. When this happen, is i see a lot of people very sad. Jadi aku pown mula la menyelami serba sedikit keperibadian arwah nie. Kebanyakan nya sgt terkilan kerana arwah pergi dulu. Dah sampai seru kan.mmg Xleh nk halang. Semua kerja tuhan.

Berdasarkan pencarian aku nie, mendapati bahawa arwah nie boleh dikatakan macam aku la jgk.hihihihi "macam" mmg xleh nk habaq k. Tp persamaan itu mmg wujud diantara manusia. Then lahirlah keserasian. So bile dah xde la baru orang nk appreciate what we have done selama man kita bergelar manusia di muka bumi ini. Ternyata aku rasa mmg adalah norma idup kita yang mana pabila mati baru nk dihargai. So kalo kita ubah norma 2 kan lagi menjadi. Xtunggu mati orang yang nk mati 2 dah tau kita appreciate die. So blh la mati dgn penghargaan.

So blh tgk gambar diatas. Ternyata la sudah terlambat semua itu. Xguna la nk berkata ag "beb..!! aku appreciate ko tolong aku ary 2" beb...thanks sebab tolong aku,ko lah kawan aku".. "beb aku xlupa jasa hang" .. "beb..!! aku mintak maaf pada hang sbb aku dah byk menyusahkan hang". Tenyata yang ungkapan tersebut langsung xdidengari ag oleh si dia yang telah tidak ada. Padahal kita ada masa yang cukup byk untuk membuat penghargaan tersebut. Jadi lah orang sering menghargai segala perbuatan orang lain..Dedikasi buat teman dan rakan-rakan. Tidak ada kaitan dengan sebarang nama k.Hanya untuk tatapan umum yang ingin menyatakan bahawa. Penghargaan Itu penting bt orang lain. Sumber inspirasi "Nurul Khairiyah"....Semoga roh mu dicucuri rahmat allah...Al-Fatihah

TITLE SURVEY MODULE (TSM)

2011-03-24T22:14:00.000-07:00

Overview

Title Survey Module (TSM) is the one software that we use to collect the cadastral field data. This software consists of a few module and hardware. This software developed to meet the requirement of cadastral survey. As we know, the cadastral survey in Malaysia has grown rapidly. The basic of this software is MapInfo software where it has been modified for use in Tablet PC, Flash Card GPS and Total Station. TSM use began in 2002 when the Department of Survey and Mapping implemented the “field to finish” or F2F. TSM is used to collect survey data at the field fully automated. No longer using a manual booking. Compatible with the concept of F2F which is the title survey system is an integrated automated to the final output without incurring a lot of repetition in the work. When using the TSM, the error will be minimizing. This software is also very systematically because all the survey data will be recorded. The flow of works also we can see clearly because all the data has been noted time and date. No mistaken can be done by surveyor.

PROCEDURE FOR TRAVERSE (TSM)

2011-03-23T08:39:00.000-07:00

1) Before starting doing a traverse, a starting point/base line must be set up.

2) To start, by using TSM software click on Starting Point and then click on any point on the PDUK

3) This table should be appeared

TSM Figure

You may click ok to proceed and then choose what type of mark for the point.

And the point that have been choose will be point 1

Determining Datum Line

Click on icon Base Line and then click the starting point

Click capture and make sure that there was a connection between the total station and toughbook. A “CL to target” window will display will appear and click ok. Do the same for CR.

After the observation has been made, click save and insert, Mark desc. The datum line will be in green colour.

Die bukan milik kita

2011-02-27T21:11:00.000-08:00

Berakhir nye sebuah ikatan menutup satu lembaran kenangan..Dimana saat2 indah dimetrai dalam sebuah perjalanan yg penuh berliku ,duka,dan sengsara. Buat teman ku yang ku gelar sebagai sahabat,wujudnya ukiran tulisan ini hanya ku ungkapkan sekadar bingkisan luahan hati yang turut sama pernah ku alami sebelum ini. Engkau beruntung dengan apa yang kau kecapi. Hubunganmu dgn si dia mampu bertahan dgn sekian lama dan sempat menggapai nikmat bahagia.tapi ingatlah..! Sesungguhnya butir2 manik yang tersusun rapi sebelum telah hancur berkecai sehingga menghentikan sebuah karya seni, ia mampu dibina kembali. Tetapi untuk penghasilan yg seterusnya, belajar dgn kesilapan lampau dan lebih berhati-hati. sama la juga ku ibaratkan sebuah ikatan percintaan yg "kau" metrai sebelum ini. Perpisahan x bererti ko gagal melayarkan sebuah kasih-sayang,mempamerkan sebuah kesucian, dan melontarkan sebuah keikhlasan. Tetapi hanya untuk menguji diri "mu" yg berpegang kepada sebuah kehidupan. Norma hidup tidak menjaminkan apa2 cagaran untuk kita bersenang-lenang. bahkan ia sengaja menghalakan terowong kedukaan kpd kita untuk menguji sebuah permata kesabaran.. Dengan berpisahnya engkau pada satu pertalian, ku harap "engkau" tabah menyusuri masa hadapan. Lahirkanlah emosi "mu" utk persediaan. Yg mana bakal "kau" jalani utk epilod kenangan seterusnya. Lupakan si "dia" yg membuatkan "kau" lara kerana "Die bukan milik kita"...

khas utk mu
ya ku gelar sebagai "sahabat"
assalamualaikum.....

boomelake

Panduan Menulis Laporan Industri Pelajar AP UiTM

2011-02-26T23:03:00.000-08:00

Salam Semua......

Hari ini terdapat permintaan daripada bekas junior aku. Mereeka xpaham cam ne nk tulis report. Ok lah. Kat sini aku tunjuk skit beberapa contoh report sem lepas yang ditulis bedasarkan spek Uitm.Sebelum 2 kene bagi muqaddimah dulu. Teringat aku time dulu masa last semester aku kt uitm perlis. Mmg kebiasaannya setiap pelajar yang menjalani latihan praktical kene buat report untuk final presentation. So geng-geng aku nie mmg cukup relaks. Kite org mmg suka buat time last-last punye. Pastu bile org lain dah mula buat hardcover, mulalah kalut. Last-last jadi orang yang terakhir balik. Orang lain dah hapy duk kt umah. Aku masih bertungkus lumus menyiapkan report. The past is past.hehehe...Buat Junior aku yang masih menjalani latihan praktikal semester ini, aku nasihatkan korang supaya time korang praktikal nie la korang kene buat slow2 report 2. Untuk mengelakkan daripada korang rushing bile time dah blk uitm nnt. Banyak kelebihan kalo korang buat awal-awal. Sampai jer korang dah blh relaks. Tunggu viva jer. Korang jgk yang xrugi. Caya la..

Dari segi penulisan plak adalah berbeza. Diploma ukur tanah uitm mmpunyai 3 pecahan. AP120, AP121,AP122. So setiap AP cara penulisan nya adalah berbeza. Tetapi format adalah sama. Fomat yang aku tunjukkan ini merupakan format penulisan laporan time aku dulu. Xtau lah skrang, takot dah tukar yang lain punye. Nie die punye Format :

Pages 1

Pages 2

And kat sini aku lampirkan jgk beberapa contoh report yang korang boleh refer cara penulisannya :

Front Page

http://www.speedyshare.com/files/27103605/1.Front_Page.doc

Abstract

http://www.speedyshare.com/files/27103611/2.Abstrack_Acknowledgement_Table_of_Content.doc

Full Report

http://www.speedyshare.com/files/27103655/3.Report.doc

Aku harap post kali dapat membantu pelajar-pelajar sedang menjalani latihan praktikal untuk semester ini. Korang ingat la pesan-pesan aku bahawa persediaan yang awal menjanjikan hasil kerja yang baik. Terpulang lah kepada korang untuk menjayakan nya. Kite stop la dulu untuk waktu ini. Jumpa di post yang seterusnya. Assalamualaikum...

boomelake

Hobi Atau Minat..????

2011-02-25T05:47:00.000-08:00

Salam semua...

Kali ini mai aku nk cita skit berkenaan hobi dan minat. Apa definisinya??? berbalik kepada pendapat aku hobi ini merupakan sesuatu perkara yang aku suka buat dan aku akan aku ulanginya sampai la bila-bila. Yang mmg xpernah jemu. Berlainan plak dengan minat. Bagi aku minat nie hanya la sekadar melepaskan batuk di tangga jer. Kenape?? sebab minat nie jarang aku buat. X selalu pown...hihihi,,,korang dgr la aku berceloteh.

Mesti korang ckp aku cam orang xbtl kan....xkesah la, yang penting aku bahagia. Nak tau x kenape aku bincangkan pasal tajuk nie. hahaha,,,nie la yang aku nk cite nye. Kerana aku percaya bahawa setiap manusia ini ada minat dan hobi mereka yang tersendiri. Setiap manusia bebas memilih keinginan masing-masing. itu lah yang dikatakan kebebasan. Berjiwa merdeka. Kadang-kadang ada orang yang salah tafsir minat dan hobi seseorang 2. Cam baru-baru nie dalam TV3 masuk rancangan 360 mengenai kaki pancing. Itu adalah salah satu hobi aku. hehehehe, nk marah dah nie. Bukan nye ape kalo pompuan mmg hobi dia gie shopping. Tp laki nie sukakan cabaran. Cam aku sendiri, mmg xsuka la duk tempat orang ramai2 nie. aku suka tempat yang tenang. Yang mana tempat 2 aku blh relaks. Sebab itulah aku punye hobi memancing. Berbalik semula kepada Persoalan kita tadi. Bagi aku jgk la, kadang-kadang hobi nie mengatasi segalanya. Sanggup perhabiskan duit semata-sama utk 2. Btl ke???

Blh jadi btl and also boleh jadi salah. Kenapa??? Mai sini nak habaq..!! Mmg hobi perlukan pengorban dan pengorbanan yang dimaksudkan 2 xkira la duit ke, tenaga ke, masa ke, dan byk lagi la. Tetapi seseorang itu perlah pandai control jalan cerita 2. Control la dari segi budject or lain2 la. Yang blh jadi salah 2 bile kite nie xpandai nk control. Contohnye la kan pegi memancing xikut masa. Keje xnak. Asyik dok bt keje 2 ajer. Masa utk keluarga xda. Anak bini terabai. And smue la..dan nsihat aku supaya sejauh mana pown kita berkorban untuk hobi and minat tersebut, maka perlu kita ingat bahawa cam mane la plak pulangan nye..????? Adakah ia berbaloi. Itu korang la jwb, sbb aku punye jawapan xsama dgn korang smua.hahahaha

aku rasa sampai di sini jer lah. Hobi Atau Minat..????...Pikir2kan lah kembali...

c u...salam

boomelake

Taubat anda sebelum berkesempatan

2011-02-24T17:12:00.000-08:00

assslamualaikum semua....

Hari ini aku terlewat skit bgn sampai subuh pown qada jer.hihihih...Nk bt cam ne kan todo lewat sgt. Ambik ko, sedar-sedar jer hari dah cerah. Biasenye aku bgn dalam 6.30 cam 2 la. Pastu aku bukak laptop and then bace paper.Skarang ni kan dah mudah. Semuanya dah online. Pas baca paper aku gie minum kt kedai capati seksyen 8. Power gila habaq hang. Sedap pown sedap. Yang 2 korang try la nnt. Aku xmau cita pasal 2 sgt. So kite proceed terus ke tajuk utama yang mana aku nk sentuh berkenaan sedikit tentang taubat. Apa itu Taubat ??????

Sebagai seorang manusia biasa seseorang itu termasuklah aku tidak akan lari daripada melakukan kesalahan. Tidak kira lah sesama manusia ataupown degan Allah. Pada aku taubat itu adalah perlakuan diri yang mana apabila seseorang itu telah sedar yang dia telahpown banyak melakukan kesalahan dan berdosa kepada Allah. Dan dia memohon keampunan dari allah. Jadi nya kepada pembaca- pembaca semua aku nasihat marilah kita bertaubat sebelum sempat dan hayat ini masih ada..

aku ada terbaca yang orang tidak sempat bertaubat sebelum mati itu akan mati selepas ianya mati. haa..!!! korang paham x???hehehe msti xkan. Maksudnya aku dah rotan korang pastu aku cucuk pulak dgn pisau..cam ne rasanya????cam 2 la lebih kurang maksudnya. Dan byk ag la maksudnya. Sebagai seorang islam aku rasa kita semua jelas tentang ini kan.Dalam internet nie byk info tentang nie, jadi korang baca la. Kita hidup xtau bape lame ag. Jadi sesasilah terhadap dosa yang telah dilakukan. Percayalah bahawa orang yang bertaubat itu akan suci jiwanya. Cewahh....!!! dan pandai ayat2 bunga sekarang. Tapi itulah hakikatnye.hehehehe. So aku rasa aku stop sampai sini jer lah k. Kita jumpa di post yang lain k... "Taubat la anda sebelum sempat"... Amin..

Assalamualaikum.......

boomelake

Perubahan Dalam Masa 4 Tahun...

2011-02-24T09:37:00.000-08:00

Assalamualaikum.....

Hari ini aku mmg byk masa lapang. So aku update la blog aku nie dgn benda2 yang mengarut.hahahaha..... Hari nie aku nk cari publisiti skit..nk tunjuk kat korang perubahan wajah aku dalam masa 4 tahun nie. Okey la,, Kita tengok gambar aku waktu mula-mula masuk u time diploma.....

Gambar time part one pakai baju abah....(",) tahun 2007
Nie plak gambar aku tahun 2008 waktu dinner
Nie plak gambar aku buat open house kt rani estate tahun 2009
Untuk tahun 2010 plak korang tgk la kt top pages blog nie..hahaha....mata aku xlarat sgt dah nie nk tido jer rasenye. Letih dah kot. Cube korang tgk dan buat perbandingan terhadap gambar2 tersebut. Start from 2007 until now what is the differents???? tahun 2007 2 nampak cam aku kurus skit kan n agak hitam la...hehehe. Tahun 2008 plak nampak cam badan dah naik n putih skit kot skit sehingga la sekarang. Mantain la. Tp 2011 punye makin berisi.. Maklumla skarang kan dah bahagia..huhu (xsuka gosip2 nie tau)... hanya itu lah yang hanya aku dapat coretkan utk post kaly nie... Semoga aku panjang umur ag dan terus dapat melihat perubahan terhadap wajah - wajah aku yang seterusnya. cau lu....!!!!! assalamualaikum....
byboomelake

Survey of Land

2011-02-24T08:42:00.000-08:00

Terdapat bahagian di dalam kanun tanah negara yang memperuntukkan individu ataupun syarikat untuk mendapatkan maklumat tertentu berkaitan dengan tanah yang ingin dibeli ataupown telah dibeli. Semakan boleh dibuat melalui Registry(Pejabat Pendaftaran) atau Land Office Ini sgt berguna untuk kita mengetahui status tanah tersebut. Masalah yang mungkin dialami sesebidang tanah itu biasanya adalah :

Caveat or prohibitory order
The land is to be acquired compulsorily by the State Autority
Or it subject to a forfeiture action

Semakan blh dibuat melalui beberapa peringkat. Iaitu :

Private Search :

semakan dibuat melalui tuan tanah tersebut dengan melihat butir2 maklumat melalui pelan hakmilik. Hal ini terkandung dalam Kanun Tanah Negara under section 384 (korang bukak sendiri la section 2,hahaha)

Officia Search :

semakan blh dibuat melalui RT( registrar title) ataupun LA(Land Administrator). Kita boleh mendapat info mengenai tanah tersebut dgn jelas. Ini juga terkandung dalam kanun Tanah Negara under section 385..

So onclusion nye adalah :

sijil untuk carian maklumat akan diterbitkan. So setiap purchaser of alinated land or any share yang mane telah mengalami kerugian ataupun kehilangan disebabkan terdapat kesalahan dalam mendapatkan kesahihan maklumat mengenai tanah tersebut bolehlah mengemukakan tuntutan dan pampasanseperti yang diperuntukkan di dalam kanun tanah negara. Under section 434..

Kalo Xjelas or xpaham sila buat permintaan(komen) k....

that alll.......salam

boomelake

Surveyor's berwajah baru..... :)

2011-02-24T08:32:00.000-08:00

Hahaha....salam semua

Hari nie aku byk menghabiskan masa dlam mengedit blog aku nie. Harap perubahan ini akan lebih merajinkan ag untuk aku memblogging. Tadi aku ada terbaca satu blog yang blh dianggap menarik.

Nie die punye link http://arniyusnitaahmad.blogspot.com. Korang cube tgk, die punye layout tersusun cantik. Pengisian pula adalah sangat menarik. Bangga aku coz die org pahang jgk. xsangka org pahang ada bakat dalam memblogging nie. Followers dia pown ramai btl. DasyatX2,,,,,so stakat nie jer lah,,,,,c u in the next pose.... cau..!!!!!

boomelake

Apa itu Pajakan tanah?

2011-01-27T04:44:00.000-08:00

salam bt pembaca semua.....hari nie aku nk syer dgn korang berkenaan pegangan tanah jenis pajakan. Tanah yang dikurniakan dalam bentuk pajakan ditetapkan selama 99 tahun tempoh hakmilik pegangan. Dalam tempoh tersebut, Pemilik berhak untuk melakukan apa saja keatas tanah tersebut. Tetapi ingat...!!! mestilah mengikut syarat tanah yang ditetapkan. contoh kalo utk pertanian, msti lah utk pertanian sahaja dan seangkatan dengannya. 2 jer kot utk kaly ini.bye.....

Ingat Law mesti Ada kaitannya nya Dgn Tanah

salam......

State land tiada hak untuk memulangkan Tanah dalam bentuk Pajakan

2011-01-19T08:16:00.000-08:00

Ari nie aku masuk la kelas tutorial Law...... Best betul blajar law nie. Yang ajar nye pulak merupakan LS. So mudah la paham.orang lama katakan...Dalam sesi soal jawab plak, Lecture kene hentam habis-habis dengan buda2 kitaorang..hahahaha,,,xcukup mulut die menjawab.huhu,,,al kisahnye l, sebelum nie aku pernah dengar seseorang bagitau aku yang terdapat kelemahan dalam sisitem serah balik dan kurnia semua nie.. Kebanyakannya terjadi di kawasan Johor. Yang mana tanah yang berstatus free hold apabila diserah balik kepada state land dan kemudiannya dikurnia semula berstatus pajakan (lease hold).

Aku nk bagitau korang yang state land tiada apa2 hak untuk mengurniakan hak semula tanah berstatus pajakan. Tiada mane2 kuasa yang memperuntukkan state land untuk berbuat demikian. Jika ianya terjadi sedemikian, state land akan akan meminta pertujuan tuan tanah tersebut dahulu. Itupun amatlah jarang berlaku....kalo ianya berlaku, mungkin terdapat penipuan dalam urusan tersebut k..so kalo ada sape2 yang pernah alaminya, aku rasa mesti melibatkan penipuan.hahaha,,, abis la korang. so ape lg,,,baik korang pasang lawyer siap2...hahahaha

So terbuktilah yang Surrender and alienation nie tidak mempunyai apa2 kelemahan...so kepada sape2 yang cakap xbtl 2,,,korang dah tawu la lepas nie..Sebarkan info nie k....

Ingat Law mesti Ada kaitannya nya Dgn Tanah

salam......

Introduction to C++ Programming

2010-09-24T10:20:00.000-07:00

For the long time period i stop update my blog..Today i would like to share some knowledge that i learn in degree level.. Programming is the one method to simplify our job easier..let's program do the job,calculation and so on. At the degree level,the software used is Turbo C++. This software is part of C++ language..it different during diploma level. I learn visual basic.

Dasymetric mapping

2010-09-24T10:17:00.001-07:00

Dasymetric mapping is for phenomena that have uneven distribution that has been improve from the choropleth mapping technique. For determine the cause of uneven distribution, this technique where used other geographical factors. The symbols not follow the boundaries in the dasymetric map. The objective of the dasymetric mapping is to show uniform quantities regardless of unit area boundaries. The dasymetric map is used the intersection of two layer in the same database to get more precise of spatial data. It uses the same type of data as Choroplethic mapping, but involves some analysis about districts. For example, it not assumes homogeneity within districts.

Sources from wikipedia

Choropleth mapping

2010-09-24T10:16:00.000-07:00

Choropleth mapping is means place and value. It content two components which is base map and attribute data (statistical data). This method is one of the most popular of quantitative thematic maps. The symbol is following the boundaries in the choropleth mapping. The objective of this mapping is to show the quantities within administrative unit areas. It employs area symbols to show the spatial distribution of the geographic phenomena. The problems with this method are making an easy way to slant data to suit the purpose of map by adjusting the values. It also by creating the illusion of rapid breaks where data varies continuously and gradually in the real world. Finally it allows small areas to cover the large region data.

Sources from wikipedia

Jenks Optimization

2010-09-24T10:14:00.002-07:00

George Jenks developed this optimization system. The goal is forming groups that are internally homogeneous while assuring heterogeneity among classes. This has proven to be a very useful method, next to natural breaks - but requires computing power to perform. A statistical approach based on “Min & Max” of data variance. Data variance – how much data values vary in magnitude among each other. Start with a single class: range (a single class) = max data value – min data value. Introduce another group whereby. Minimize within group variance (member data values closer in value). Maximize between group variance (difference in group averages as great as possible).

Sources from wikipedia

Standard deviation

2010-09-24T10:14:00.001-07:00

Standard deviation classification method finds the mean value, and then places class breaks above and below the mean at intervals of either 0.25, 0.5 or, one standard deviation until all the data values are contained within the classes. Values that are beyond the three standard deviations from the mean are aggregated into two classes; greater than three standard deviation above the mean and less than three standard deviation below the mean.

Sources from Wikipedia

Quantiles

2010-09-24T10:13:00.001-07:00

This method classifies data into a certain number of categories with an equal number of units in each category.

Sources from Wikipedia

Equal Interval

2010-09-24T10:12:00.000-07:00

Equal Interval Classification method divides a set of attribute values into groups that contain an equal range of values. This method better communicates with continuous set of data. The map designed by using equal interval classification is easy to accomplish and read . It however is not good for clustered data because you might get the map with many features in one or two classes and some classes with no features because of clustered data.

Sources from Wikipedia

Natural breaks

2010-09-24T10:11:00.000-07:00

It is a manual data classification method that divides data into classes based on the natural groups in the data distribution. It uses a statistical formula (Jenks' Natural Breaks) that calculates groupings of data values based on data distribution, and also seeks to reduce variance within groups and maximize variance between groups.

This method is based on a subjective decision and is the best choice for combining similar values. However, since the class ranges are specific to the individual dataset, it is difficult to compare a map with another map and to choose the optimum number of classes, especially if the data is evenly distributed.

Sources from Wikipedia

Classification Quantitative Data

2010-09-24T10:09:00.000-07:00

Classification Quantitative Data is the determining of class intervals and class boundaries in that data to be mapped and it depends in part on the number of observations. Most of the maps are designed with 4-6 classifications .There are five classification methods for making a graduated color or graduated symbol map. All these methods reflect different patterns affecting the map display. They are:

Natural breaks
Quantile
Equal interval
Standard deviation
Equal area

According to this method, the value range of the attribute is divided into intervals that are assigned different colors. Geographical objects are painted in the map according to the intervals into which the corresponding attribute values fit. The tools include direct manipulation controls for specifying arbitrary class boundaries, graphs representing statistical distribution of attribute values, means for automatic classification, calculation of statistical quality of a classification, and various color schemes that can be applied to represent classes on a choropleth map. Historically, classification was used in order to minimize the number of colors needed for representing data values on printed maps.

Sources from Wikipedia

Numbering in strata

2009-10-25T00:28:00.001-07:00

2.2.1. Numbering of Blocks and Provisional Blocks

Each of blocks in strata scheme must be numbered in order with coefficient letter 'M' (number as M1, M2, M3 and so on).
While, each of provisional block must be numbered in order with coefficient letter 'P' (number as P1, P2, P3 and so on).

2.2.2 Number of Floors

Floors on ground
1. Each of floors in a building that located on the ground level must be numbered in order beginning from the lowest level (ground floor) to the top level. (number as 1, 2, 3, and so on). The floor the exactly located on ground is start as level 1. There is no G level/floor in strata scheme.
2. The lowest level (floor that exactly on the ground) is determined from the approved building plan.
3. In case, in the approved building plan has the main stated the floor that numbered as level 1.
Underground Floors;
1. All the underground floors are numbering in order with coefficient letter 'B' that beginning with the floor that located under level 1 to the lowest (Number as B1, B2, B3 and so on).
Mezzanine Floors;
1. Mezzanine floors are actually the floor that the level of floors is located unlikely compared to the others floors.
2. Each of mezzanine floors is numbering with coefficient letter 'N' (Number as N1, N2, N3 and so on).

2.2.3 Numbering of Parcels

There is only a series should be giving in numbering parcel in each strata scheme.
The number that already used also could not being used again to the other accessory parcel.
The accessory parcel is numbering with coefficient letter 'A' (Number as A1, A2, A3 and so on).
The numbering of accessory parcel have to be in order where :
1. It started to number with the accessory parcel that located outside of building and followed to the other accessory parcel to the top floor.

The Concept in strata

2009-10-25T00:27:00.001-07:00

Concept that used in strata is:

To give titles unit or parcels in a building
Parcels are owned by individuals
The rest properly (land and common properties) are jointly owned by parcel proprietors

The prerequisites for Subdivision of building are ;

Minimum 2 storey – there must be at least one building of 2 storey or mre. If there is other building besides that building, these may be subdivision too. However, any building having only one storey in the same lot shall also be capable of being subdivided into parcel (Amended Act A951/1996)
Land must be alienated land – the land on which the building stands. It is held under a qualified title of the entire parcels proprietor; it must not be a state land and reserve land. As long as the title of the land is not qualified, the approval to the strata will not be approved.

Introduction Of Strata Title Survey

2009-10-25T00:24:00.001-07:00

Under The Strata Act (STA) 1985, subdivision of building means the issue of separate titles which are called strata titles for each of the parcel (unit) in the building which has two ore storey. When the building is subdivided, title to the land on which the building stands is retained but it ill registered under a body called the Management Corporation (MC) that excited automatically as soon as the strata titles to the parcels are registered. The C consists of all the purchases/body that is registered as owners of the strata titles of the parcels. When the strata titles are registered, all the titles are in the name of the proprietor/body that was last registered as owner of the land.

When it formed, the MC takes over from the owner of the land the responsibility regarding the land and the building apart from the parcels which have been registered. This means that the MC will be responsible for payment of the land, insurance to the building and to keep in good condition the facilities available in and around the building. STA 1985 come into force in 1.6.1985 to replace sec. 151-157 of NLC 1965. It is also to facilitate the subdivision of building into parcels and disposition of titles. All the law regulated to Strata Title is amended in Act a753 (1990) including new elements and in Act A951 (1.8.1996) also including the new elements

Single-ended Trigonometrical Heighting

2009-10-25T00:21:00.001-07:00

Single-ended trigonometrical heighting is a method of observation which taken from one end of the line only.
The curvature of the earth and the refraction of the light by atmosphere are taken.

Diagram 1

The diagram above shows that the Total Station is set up at point A and a prism is placed at point B.
The vertical angle and slope distance is measured from A to B only.

Trigonometrical heighting

2009-10-25T00:19:00.001-07:00

Trigonometrical heighting is a process in geodetic surveying to determine the height of a point from mean sea level. This practical involves finding the vertical angle and slope distance of a line. It can be measured by using the total station. In geodetic surveying, there are three methods that can be used to determine height of a point.The methods are Single-ended trigonometrical heighting, Reciprocal trigonometrical heighting, and Simultaneous reciprocal trigonometrical heighting. All these three methods have their advantages and disadvantages. In our practical, we decided to use single-ended trigonometrical heighting. In this practical, we use single-ended trigonometrical heighting. In our triangulation practical, we have established four points on the ground. We also used the same point to carry out the trigonometrical heighting practical. We have been ordered to carry out this practical on the same site that we use in the triangulation & trilateration work. We need to choose a suitable method to carry out this trigonometrical heighting.

Trigonometrical heighting

2009-10-25T00:16:00.001-07:00

Trilateration in geodetic control

2009-10-18T22:36:00.001-07:00

Trilateration Theory

According to the definition, trilateration is the process of determining the position (coordinate) of a point by measure the distance only.
To determine the position of point by using trilateration, there are 3 main factors which needed to ensure the coordinate of the unknown point can be known. The 3 main factors are:
- The distance for every line.
- The coordinate of a known point.
- The azimuth of a line.
By using the sine formula, the coordinate of the unknown point can calculated.
For example:

Explanation:

By referring to the diagram above, point A is a known point which the coordinate is obtained by using GPS observation.
The distance from point A to point B, point A to point C and point B to point C are measured by using total station.
By making the solar observation for any line in the traverse, we can have the azimuth of the line.
For example, azimuth A to B is known and the distance of a and b are also known.
By using the cosine formula, we can calculate an angle of station A.
The cosine formula :
a² = b²+ c²– 2bc cos A

A = cos^-1
(a² - b²- c²)

-2bc

When the angle A is known, then the bearing from A – C can be calculated.
Thus, the coordinate of point C can be determined by applying the latitude and departure.

Triangulation in geodetic control network

2009-10-18T22:33:00.001-07:00

Triangulation Theory

Triangulation can be defined as process of determining the position of a point on the ground by measuring angles to it from known point at either end of a fixed baseline rather than measuring distance to the point directly.Triangulation can also refer to the accurate surveying of systems of very large triangles, called triangulation network. Triangulation can be used to find the coordinates and sometimes distance from the shore to the ship. The observer at A measures the angle
α between the shore and the ship, and the observer at B does likewise for β . If the length l or the coordinates of A and B are known, then the law of sines can be applied to find the coordinates of the ship at C and the distance d.

The coordinates and distance to a point can be found by calculating the length of one side of a triangle, given measurements of angles and sides of the triangle formed by that point and two other known reference points.
Alternatively, the distance RC can be calculated by using the law of sines to calculate the lengths of the sides of the triangle.
The distance AB is known, so we can write the lengths of the other two sides as RC can now be calculated using either the sine of the angle α, or the sine of the angle β:
We know that γ = 180 − α − β, since the sum of the three angles in any triangle is known to be 180 degrees; and since sin(θ) = sin(180 - θ), we can therefore write sin(γ)=sin(α+β), to give the final formula.
This formula can be shown to be equivalent to the result from the previous calculation by using the trigonometric identity sin(α + β) = sin α cos β + cos α sin β.
1. Tolerance

To ensure that the data taken are accurate, some limitation has been introduced:

E1 ≤ 1^o20"
E2 ≤ 40"
E3 ≤ 40"
1. Equal Shift Adjustment

Is intended to obtain the correct value which is individually satisfying the conditions of angles and sides and distribute them equally to the angles (before proceeds to the sides and coordinate computations).
Satisfy the figure equation, side equation, station equation (if only).
Using angle equation and side equation to know the required condition for brace quadrilateral triangulation.

Angle equation

n₁ = m – n +1

where,

n = the number of station

m = the number of sides

The brace quadrilateral triangulation has 4 stations and 6 sides. Therefore;

n₁ = m – n +1

n₁ = 6 – 4 +1

n₁ = 3

The brace quadrilateral triangulation has 3 angle conditions.

3 angle conditions of the brace quadrilateral triangulation

Angle 1 + angle 2 + angle 3 + angle 4 + …….+ angle 8 = 360^o.
(angle 5 + angle 6) = (angle 1 + angle 2)
(angle 7 + angle 8) = (angle 3 + angle 4)

Side equation

n₂ = m – 2n +3

where,

n= the number of station

m = the number of sides

n₂ = 6 – 2(4) +3

n₂ = 1

Therefore, the brace quadrilateral triangulation has 1 side conditions.

1 side conditions of the brace quadrilateral triangulation

Aku putus cinta

2009-10-18T22:26:00.001-07:00

2009-10-08T03:34:00.001-07:00

Create your own visitor map!

GNSS SPECIFICATIONS

2009-03-17T19:36:00.000-07:00

1. Satisfy all military positioning & navigation requirement, such as :

· Suibtables for all classes of platform : aircraft(jet to helicopter) an others

· Real-time positioning and velocity determination capability.

· Positioning result available on a single geodetic datum.

· Level of real-time accuracy available to non military users to be controllable.

· Resistant to jamming, and careful attention to others “survivability” issues.

· Non-detectability of user hence no requirement to transmit signals of any kind.

2. Satisfy as large range of civilian users as well :

· Dual system usage (eg GPS) :

a. Military – precise positioning services (PPS)

b. Civilian – standard positioning services (SPS)

· Range of decameter to millimeter accuracy.

· Information of positioning, velocity and time.

· All air, sea, and land users

3. Relatively low user cost as well as ease-of operation :

4. Unrestricted access by all users.

Global navigation satellites system (GNSS)

2009-03-17T19:14:00.000-07:00

Satellite system in GNSS

· Gps by USA

· Glonass by Russia

· Galileo by Europe

· Compass by china

GNSS characteristics

· One-way system, satellite transmit signal without knowing the users. Users are passive, hence anybody can use the system freely.

· GNSS is multi-satellite system, several satellites are visible at all time from the whole globe

· GNSS support several mode of positioning for many users at one time, ranging from decameters to meters to submeter accuracy.

· GNSS is also used for precise time determination.

GATED AND GUARDED COMMUNITY IN STRATA

2009-03-17T19:07:00.000-07:00

SECTION 6: BUILDING OR LAND THAT CAN BE DIVIDED IN TO PARCEL.

Section 6 was described about building or land capable of being subdivided into parcel. Sec 6 subsection (1) was describe any building that have two or more storey as one lot under final title (whether registry or Land Officer title) can being sub divided into parcel each of which is to sub held under a strata title or an accessory parcel.

Otherwise section (1A) describe any building that having two or more building held as one lot under final title (Registry or Land Office title) can subdivided into Land parcels each of which is to be held under a strata title or as an accessory parcel. But, the building under this section must below 4 storeys.

The owner can be apply strata for their double storey bungalow and 2 multi storey building that refer in section 6(1) because the owner have in the same lot under final title and under Registry or Land Officer Title.

“Accessory parcel” means any parcel shown in strata plan as an accessory parcel which is used or intended to be used in conjunction with parcel that contained in sec 4. Example of accessory parcel is like parking lot, place to put flower pot, balcony, awning and etc.

SECTION 8 : CIRCUMSTANCES IN WHICH IT IS COMPULSORY FOR A

PROPRIETOR TO APPLY FOR SUBDIVISION OF A BUILDING OR LAND.

(1) The proprietor of any alienated land on have a completed building capable of being subdivided or strata title in period under subsection(2). If the proprietor did the deal of the land’s or sale and purchase (S&P) done, so the owner can be apply strata title after S&P.

(2) The period within which the requirement of subsection(1) shall be complied with is as follows :

a) In the case of a building completed on a date after the commencement of this subsection that is 23/02/1990.

(i) Before the building is complete and S&P done before the building is complete, so date to apply strata title is after the completed building and get the CF(Certificate Fit Occupy).

The period of time that the owner can apply the strata title is 6 month from that all construction building was completed.

(ii) For the building is complete and the sale and purchase (S&P) done after the completed building so date for apply strata title is date after the S&P done.

The period of time that the owner can apply the strata title is 6 month from that the sale and purchase (S&P) done.

(6) Further period to apply the strata title.

Ø If the period of time that owner can apply the strata title is 6 month and the owner is fail to apply strata title, then the Director for any further period not exceeding three month.(Extended 3 month for the apply the strata title).

(7) If the application is not be apply in the period specified in subsection(2) and in the case of subsection(6) within the period of such extension granted in respect of a building or land, the original proprietor shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine of not less than ten thousand ringgit but not more than one hundred thousand ringgit and to a further fine of not less than one hundred ringgit but not more than one thousand ringgit for every day during which the offence continues to be committed.

Ø Basic penalty : RM10,000 – RM100,000

Ø Penalty every day if not apply strata title : RM100 – RM1,000

SECTION 9 : CONDITION FOR APPROVAL

(1)The director can be approve if all condition are satisfied :

a) Get satisfied from land surveyor.

i. The situated of building must in 1 lot.

ii. To be make sure awning, gathering hot over the road reserve if over must apply permits use of space.

b) Must been in two certified.

Ø Architects register under the Architects Act 1967.

Ø Professional Engineer registers under the Registration of Engineer Act 1967.

c) The subdivision would not contravene any restriction the land lot.

d) The subdivision would not be contrary to the provision of any written law.

e) No item of land to do strata.

f) That constant in writing like leases.

g) Every parcel must have share units.

· If there is bad happens for example burning the owner can apply the insurance and the insurance will get by following the shyer.

· The more shyer unit the more owner will get the claim.

h) That each of parcel must have a road access, can’t share with another.

i) Must stay more 21 years after that can apply strata.

j) The building no subject to any charge or lien.

k) If his land is qualified title, he must get the Certified Plan and compile the CP with his application.

l) Must get the certified from Local Authority.

SECTION 10. APPLICATION FOR SUB DIVISION OF BUILDING OR LAND

(1) The application for approval of the Director for strata needs two form:

· Form 1A

Subdivision of land under subsection 6(1A)

o In this case the bungalow use this form because the owner want to subdivide in to land parcel but it also use Form 1 because Form 1is subdivision of buildings or buildings and land

· Form 1

Subdivision of buildings or buildings and land

o In this case the condominium use this form because the owner want to subdivide and get strata title for one building of condominium.

There a few things that the owner should follow for the application:

a) pay any fee

aa) submit the triplicate(3) copy of building plans approved by the planning authority

b) one strata plan that include:

o location plan

o storey plan

o delineation plan

ü if the delineation plan is not include, that is just for subdivision of land only, therefore the application will not accepted.

v all the plans above must be approved by land surveyors as follows:

i. Land surveyors must ensure that all the plans above same with the original plan.If not same, land surveyor must create a building plan and approved by the Architect. The building plan named As tribute Plan must be sent with the Strata Plan.

ii. In a storey plan, the boundaries of the parcels follow features of permanent construction appearing in the building.

c) a certificates of a land surveyor that confirmed buildings are in a lot and certificates from Professional Architect and Professional Engineer that confirmed the plans are following original plan buildings.

caa) any permit and if there is permit in use space, it should be include.

cb) if the title is a qualified title, submit it with there copy of certified plan that been approved by Director of Survey

d) the written consents to the making of the application of every person who at the time of the application is entitled to the benefit of:

o a charge of the land

o a lease of the whole or any part thereof

o a charge of such a lease

o a lien over the land or any such lease.

e) the issue document of title of the lot.

(2) Every location shall:

a) Specify the number of lot, the title number of the land and the area of lot.

b) delineate the boundaries and boundary marks of the lot

o show all the position of buildings

o show the part of building that want to subdivided

o the case of an application for subdivision of land into land parcels, delineate the boundaries and boundary marks of the lot and the parcels showing the position of all the buildings

(3) Every storey shall:

a) Specify the number of lot, the title number of the land and the building and numbered storey

b) Each proposed parcel no needs a bearing but only a distance.

c) show the parcel with the Form 1

d) specify the approximate floor area of each parcel

e) Distinguish such parts as are not to include in any of parcels but are to become part of the common property for example the corridor that not included in parcel but want to become part of common property.

(3A) Delineation plan shall:

a) Specify the number of lot, the title number of the land and the parcel that connection to the plan

b) Each proposed parcel need a bearing and a distance

c) Show every parcel by number in Form 1

d) Specify the area of lot

e) distinguish such parts as are not to included in any of parcels but are to become part of the common property.

(6A) For example, if the strata plan was missing, an architect must redraw it and shall be accompanied:

(a) Three copies of building plan ( certified by Architect or by a land surveyor) as having been drawn according to the actual features of the building and as truly representing those features; and

(b) The local planning authority is nevertheless satisfied that the building as so represented satisfies planning requirements.

SECTION 43: DUTIES AND POWERS OF MANGEMENT COOPERATION

The overall duties of management cooperation are to supervise gated and guarded.
For example if the lamp of corridor has been broken, the drainage is not proper therefore the management cooperation will repair properties by following their own method.
The members of management cooperation are from
The members of management cooperation are from the residents in that location in gated and guarded.

"I LOST MY BESTFRIENDS"

2009-02-24T20:24:00.000-08:00

At the 22 February 2009, I lost one of my friends. She is a good person. Always study hard and dedicated in all things. She was born in 26 May 1989 and leaves this life at 22 February 2009. Three month before she celebrate the next birthday at 26 May 2009 this year. Her name is “NUR HAFIZA BIN ZAFARULLAH”.

Same batch with me at uitm arau. Also same class. She always smile although she has a problem. She never show the problem. We just left one semester in this uitm. Why this thing happen to him?. It very fast. Duly, she must graduate together with me and another friends. Unfortunately, god really love him. She go first. What about my luck? I still don’t know. Hopely her next journey becomes easier. As a friend, I just can help to pray and support her family. It not to easy to forget you NUR HAFIZA. You are the great PERSON…..

see "SHE ALWAYS SMILE"

"ALWAYS MAKE ME LAUGHT"

BUT EVERYTHING ONLY LEFT THE MEMORIES

"TODAY I KNOW YOU MORE THAN YESTERDAY"

'BUT NOT AS MUCH AS TOMORROW'

"YOU ARE A GREAT PERSON"

AL-FATIHAH TO :

ALLAHYARHAMAH NUR HAFIZA BIN ZAFARULLAH

State cassini System in Malaysia

2009-02-15T02:57:00.000-08:00

State cassini System in Malaysia(part 1).

= the cassini projection is classified as cylindrical, tangent, transverse, uquidistant and semi geometric.

= cassini soldner is used for cadastral surveys and is the basic for the standard cadastral sheets in each states (northing,easting).

= there are nine (9) state cassini-coordinate systems in peninsular Malaysia with their respective origins.

States cassini system origin

States	Station Name
Johor	Gunung lumut
Negeri Sembilan & Malacca	GunHill
Pahang	Gunung Senyum
Selangor	Bukit Asa
Terengganu	Gunung gajah
Pulau Pinang &Seberang Perai	Fort Cornwills
Kedah & Perlis	Gunung Perak
Perak	Gunung Hijau Larut
kelantan	Bukit Panau

Geodesy???

2009-02-15T02:34:00.000-08:00

What is that?

Refer to Helmert 1880

=is the science of the measurement and mapping of the earth’s surface.

=surface of the earth is shaped by the earth’s gravity and the most of geodetic observation refer to earth’s gravity.

Refer to commited of geodesy

= “is the discipline that deals with the measurement & representation of the earth including its gravity field in a three dimensional time varying space”.

Sextant

2009-02-06T18:08:00.000-08:00

Last hidro survey practical, i had learn about one instrument in hidrographic survey.That we call sextant. The main funtion is to get position on the sea.Sextant is a navigational instrument used to measure the angle of elevation of celestial bodies, usually the sun or moon, in order to determine one's location and direction.Generally, sextant can be used to measure the angle between any two objects.It was first developed around 1730 and soon after began to replace the astrolabe as the navigational instrument of choice.Nowadays it still been used as a main backup in case of global positioning system (GPS) fail to operate.

Variable plan in hidrographic survey

2009-02-06T17:48:00.000-08:00

- A topographic map is a type of map characterized by large-scale detail and quantitative representation of relief, usually using contour lines in modern mapping, but historically using a variety of methods show both natural and man-made features.
- A nautical chart is a graphic representation of a maritime area and adjacent coastal regions. Depending on the scale of the chart, it may show depths of water and heights of land (topographic map), natural features of the seabed, details of the coastline, navigational hazards, locations of natural and man-made aids to navigation, information on tides and currents, local details of the Earth's magnetic field, and man-made structures such as harbors, buildings and bridge
- A bathymetric chart is the submerged equivalent of an above-water topographic map. Bathymetric charts are designed to present accurate, measurable description and visual presentation of the submerged terrain.

Types of aerial photographs

2009-01-10T04:58:00.000-08:00

Low Oblique Photograph

This is a photograph taken with the camera inclined about 30° from the vertical (Figure 8-3, and Figure 8-4). It is used to study an area before an attack, to substitute for a reconnaissance, to substitute for a map, or to supplement a map.

A low oblique photograph has the following characteristics:
:It covers a relatively small area.
:The ground area covered is a trapezoid, although the photo is square or rectangular.
:The objects have a more familiar view, comparable to viewing from the top of a high hill or tall building.
:No scale is applicable to the entire photograph, and distance cannot be measured. Parallel lines on the ground are not parallel on this photograph; therefore, direction (azimuth) cannot be measured.
:Relief is discernible but distorted.It does not show the horizon

Types of aerial photographs

2009-01-10T04:57:00.001-08:00

Sample of vertical aerial photograph

Types of aerial photographs

2009-01-10T04:54:00.001-08:00

Relationship of the vertical aerial photograph with the ground.

DETAIL SURVEY PRINCIPLE

2009-01-10T04:42:00.000-08:00

v = Different of Height
HI = Height of Instrument
HT = Height of Target

I. Way to get the height of RL B if RL A is known ;
RL B = RL A + Hi instrument + v – Hi target

II. Way to get the height of RL A if RL B is known ;
RL A = RL B + Hi target – v – Hi instrument

DETAILS SURVEYING

2009-01-09T18:10:00.000-08:00

DEFINITION OF DETAIL

Detail survey is actually to get the position and height of points on the earth surface. Besides, it can describe the actual features either natural or man-made available on a surveyed area onto a map or plan. Details surveying and tachometry are both shared the same principle. Data that is collected in details survey are produced in three dimensional (x, y, and z). This survey is doing to get the vertical and horizontal controls. x and y value are gathered from the controlled traverse which is established in the beginning of survey work. Before pick up any detail surveying field work, firstly is to prepare a set of specifications which set out the aims of the survey, the accuracy required, the amount and type of detail that is to be located and the intensity of any spot levels that are to be taken. Details surveying prepared involves considering the purpose of the survey, its accuracy requirements and its end product and choosing suitable equipment, techniques and drawing media that will ensure that the specifications are achieved.

Detail normally picked up from the control network (traverse) by total station with internal memory. Specific codes used to represent the details for ease. On maps and plans symbols can be used to represent detail. There is no universally agreed range of symbols for use in map and plan production. Booking for detail survey is still required though the readings have been recorded in the total station memory for checking purpose.

There are four categories of detail:

: Hard Details – the constructed features such as road, buildings and drainage
system.

: Soft Details – the natural features such as river banks, tree and
Vegetation.

: Overhead Details – the features that located on the ground such as electric
power lines and telephone lines.

: Underground Details – the features that located below of the ground such
as water pipes and sewer runs.

In this hydrographic surveying project, detail survey performed on the land where horizontal and vertical control points located. This uses to describe the location of those points from the natural or man-made features available there.Detail can be survey or pickup using total stations. There are information detail must be survey:

Ä Planimetric Information such as Permanent building / structure; Visible boundary feature like walls, fences or hedge; Road, track; Railways feature with arranged access; Water feature; Earth works or other relevant point. The accuracy of planimetric detail shall be such that the plan position of any well define point of detail shall be correct at the plan scale when checked from the nearest permanent control station.

: Height Information shall be provide a spot height throughout the survey area,
Contours and Obstructed ground.

: Detail Symbol are actually to guide drafting man to plot the drawing such as :

: BO : building,
: JO : road,
: OF : fence,
: P : spot level,
: MH : manhole etc.

CONTROL NETWORK

2009-01-09T18:03:00.000-08:00

Horizontal Control

Traverse is a method in the field of surveying to establish horizontal control networks. Traverse networks involved placing the survey stations along a line or path of travel, and then using the previously surveyed points as a base for observing the next point. Types of traverse are:

: Link traverse
: Polygonal/Loop traverses
: Open/Free traverse
: Close traverse

Vertical Control

Leveling is one of the methods available in surveying for determining heights of points above (or below) an agreed datum, typically mean sea level. When leveling, it is possible to measure heights within a few millimeters and this order of precision is more than adequate for height measurement in the majority of surveying projects. As well as leveling it is worth noting that heights can also be measured by using total stations, handheld laser distance meters and GPS. The equipment required to carry out leveling is an optical, digital or laser level.To control heights at surveyed area, an established temporary bench mark (TBM) required inside or near the surveyed area. TBM needs to be established by fly level from any bench mark found nearby. In surveying a bench mark is specifically any permanent marker placed by a surveyor with a precisely known vertical elevation (but not necessarily a precisely known horizontal location). These reference points may be chiseled into a wall, or more typically, marked by small brass or aluminum disks, iron pins or bolts that are permanently attached to a stable foundation, such as concrete posts, bridge abutments, buildings, or a specifically constructed concrete block. These markers are then used as starting (control) points by subsequent surveyors and other users to establish the elevation of nearby points.

BATHYMETRIC CHART

2009-01-09T18:02:00.000-08:00

Bathymetry is the study of underwater depth, of the third dimension of lake or ocean floors. A bathymetric map or chart usually shows floor relief or terrain as contour lines, and may additionally provide surface navigational information. In short, bathymetric chart is the final product of hydrographic surveying project. 100% of hydrographic survey work normally produced by AutoCAD and a full chart drawing in DWG / DXF format can be prepared in a short time. Most of bathymetric charts are designed to be easy to interpret and include color coded contouring at any required interval, depth data, all available digital topographic data, the client outline proposals and designs etc.

A hydrographic survey may be conducted to support a variety of activities:

2009-01-09T17:59:00.000-08:00

: Nautical charting
: Port and harbor maintenance (dredging)
: Coastal engineering (beach erosion and replenishment studies
: Coastal zone management
: Offshore resource development
: Measurement of tide at sea coast for tidal analysis and prediction
: Determination of direction of current
: To help navigation which can guide the ships to the right and save direction using nautical chart
: Determination of international boundaries within countries separated by the ocean
: To be used in the construction progress of structure in the middle of the open sea (e.g.: oil drilling platform.

The one data type common to all hydrographic survey is water depth. Of additional concern to most surveys is the nature of the sea floor material due to its implications for anchoring, dredging, structure construction, pipeline and cable routing and fisheries habitat. Side scan sonar’s are often deployed to facilitate the detection of submerged dangers navigation. Measurements include the tidal, current and wave information of physical oceanographic. Tide or water level measurements are recorded to provide vertical reference for water depth.

INTRODUCTION OF HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEYING

2009-01-09T17:53:00.000-08:00

To many, the traditional role of surveyor has been to determine the position of feature in both the natural and environment on or below the surface of the earth and to represent these on a map. Hydrographic survey is a method to survey to find the reduce depth of the sea, the tidal information of the sea to find the maximum level of tide and the minimum level of tide of the survey area, to get the whole idea of existing details and structure which already exist and others.
: Hydrographic is the science which deals with the instrument and description of the physical feature of bodies of water and their littoral land areas.
: Special emphasis usually placed on the element that affect safe navigation and the publication of such information in a suitable form for use in navigation.

A hydrographic surveying are involves the systematic ‘mapping’ of an area of sea and surrounding coastal detail.
:The information collecting during the survey will enable a cartographer to portray a part of the Earth surface on a flat piece of paper and to indicate by sounding, height and depth contour, and spot height, the various irregularities both above and below the sea surface.
: For hydrographic survey all the details use to the mariner must be correctly described and positioned relative to each other end
: Hydrographic survey is the process of measuring the depth and mapping the bottom of lakes, rivers, and ocean.

Vertical Photograph

2009-01-07T00:51:00.000-08:00

A vertical photograph is taken with the camera pointed as straight down as possible (Figures 8-1 and 8-2). Allowable tolerance is usually < href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_Okhzdc1T5KE/SWRttGzfhSI/AAAAAAAAAOc/WRssl4AktXM/s1600-h/Picture1.jpg">

Types of aerial photographs

2009-01-07T00:50:00.000-08:00

Aerial photography most commonly used by military personnel may be divided into two major types,
= the vertical and
= the oblique
Each type depends upon the attitude of the camera with respect to the earth's surface when the photograph is taken.

Brief History of Photogrammetry

2009-01-07T00:43:00.000-08:00

1889: The first German manual of photogrammetry was published by C. Koppe.
1896: Eduard Gaston and Daniel Deville present the first stereoscopical instrument for vectorized mapping.
1897/98: Theodor Scheimpflug invents the double projection
. 1901: Pulfrich creates the first “Stereokomparator” and revolutionates the mapping from stereopairs.
1889: The first German manual of photogrammetry was published by C. Koppe.
1896: Eduard Gaston and Daniel Deville present the first stereoscopical instrument for vectorized mapping.
1897/98: Theodor Scheimpflug invents the double projection
. 1901: Pulfrich creates the first “Stereokomparator” and revolutionates the mapping from stereopairs.
1903: Theodor Scheimpflug invents the „Perspektograph“, an instrument for optical rectification.
1910: The ISP (International Society for Photogrammetry), now ISPRS, was founded by E. Dolezal in Austria.
1911: The Austrian Th. Scheimpflug finds a way to create rectified photographs. He is considered as the initiator of aerial photogrammetry, since he was the first succeeding to apply the photogrammetrical principles to aerial photographs.
1913: The first congress of the ISP was held in Vienna. until 1945: development and improvement of measuring metric cameras and analogue plotters.
1964: First architectural tests with the new stereometric camera-system, which had been invented by Carl Zeiss, Oberkochen and Hans Foramitti, Vienna.
1964: Charte de Venise.
1968: First international Symposium for photogrammetrical applications to historical monuments was held in Paris - Saint Mandé.
1970: Constitution of CIPA (Comité International de la Photogrammétrie Architecturale) as one of the international specialized committees of ICOMOS (International Council on Monuments and Sites) in cooperation with ISPRS. The two main activists were Maurice Carbonnell, France, and Hans Foramitti, Austria.
1970ies: The analytical plotters, which were first used by U. Helava in 1957, revolutionate photogrammetry. They allow to apply more complex methods: aerotriangulation, bundle-adjustment, the use of amateur cameras etc.
1980ies: Due to improvements in computer hardware and software, digital photogrammetry is gaining more and more importance.
1996: 83 years after its first conference, the ISPRS comes back to Vienna, the town, where it was founded.

Introduction to geodesy...!!!!

2009-01-06T07:05:00.000-08:00

The meaning of Geodesy refer to HELMET 1880 is the science of the measurement and mapping. It related shape,size,ang gravity on the earth.The size is represent the measurement and the shapes refer to representation.From committe of geodesy 1973:Measurement and the same time representation of the earth, including its gravity field in a three dimensional time earing space.

Photogrammetry is making the MAPs

2009-01-05T06:57:00.000-08:00

The course objective is to provide an understanding of map making by means of aerial photographs and the study of basic photogrammetric techniques and the underlying theoretical considerations.The course description is to covers basic principles of photogrammetry and simple mapping method. The first topic that uitm student learn are introduction to photogrammetry.Studies about geometry and properties of vertical and near-vertical photography,perspective projection,definition of perspective projection,scale of vertical photograph,scale of titled photograph,tilt displacement,and relief displacement. The second topic is stereoscopy and stereoscope. Studies about binocular vision,base lining and stereoscopic viewing of air photographs,lens stereoscope,and mirror stereoscope. And the last is simple mapping method.studies about perspective,radial line,parallax bar height-parallex,parallex bar,calculating differences in height,errors,and the corrections to crude heights. Hopely, i can follow this subject with excelent. I will discuss all the topic and the sub-topic in the next post.
continue.......

GPS NAVIGATOR

2009-01-05T04:34:00.000-08:00

Today I learn something that new for me, “how to use the GPS navigator”. We also call the “mini GPS”. It creates to get the position on the earth. It small and easy to bring anywhere and anytime. How about the accuracy? , because it is not the real GPS just the mini GPS, the accuracy is about 10 meters. It depends on your satellite. More satellite your GPS navigator detect, more accurate your position. And after I learn how to use this GPS, I got the new task/field world. The task is to locate or get the point every café that have in this uitm. I cannot show the picture at this time. Maybe next time. How about processing the data?, It will be continue………..

My diary

2009-01-04T15:12:00.000-08:00

Today i want show my diary.This diary recorded all my activities during all the day for this new year.For me,to make our life more perfect i must write the diary.This diary is call the "DIARY ISLAMIAH". I buy this diary at the MPH book store.My favourite book store because this book store sale so many amazing book.To become the surveyor, license surveyor will ask to write the diary for preparation to get the license.All the memories is keeping in one book,that we call "Diary".Just for appreciate my life..............

Advantages of Torrens System

2009-01-03T04:29:00.000-08:00

=Torrens system purportedly offered advantages over the Recording system because it cleared clouded titles thereby promoting land marketability and development.
=Much of the early motivation for Torrens registration in the United States was to promote land development during periods of rapid urbanization, e.g., used extensively after the great Chicago Fire of 1871 when the public land records were destroyed.
=Land registration has been used to clarify boundaries when early property lines became blurred or historical surveying techniques were found to be unreliable.
=The Torrens system protects absentee owners against loss of their land to “squatters” under adverse possession statutes.
=The Torrens system is arguably efficiency enhancing.

continous last post

New semester,new assigment i got..

2009-01-02T04:31:00.000-08:00

Today i attend the law class.My lecturer madam mimi Erniza give me the first assigment for this beginning semester.The assigment is about historial background of land law for strait settlement.I make a research from internet and find some article to solve this problem.

History
The Straits Settlements, the British Crown Colony that existed 1826-1946, included Penang (inc. Province Wellesley), the Dinding Islands (on the Malayan west coast, later returned to Perak), Malacca, Singapore, Labuan Island (off Sabah, now a Malaysian federal territory), Christmas Island, and Cocos/Keeling Islands. Singapore was the capital city of the Straits Settlements.
The Strait of Malacca is actually a waterway which separates Peninsular Malaya from the Island of Sumatra. Also, Malacca was never a colony of Britain in its own rights. When the Straits Settlements were dismantled after the period of BMA (British Military Administration) which was immediately after the Japanese surrendered and returned Malaya and Singapore to the British colonial masters, Singapore became a Colony in its own right and Malacca and Penang were federated together with the remaining 9 Malay states to become the Federation of Malaya (the forerunner of Malaysia). Thomas Koh, 29 October 1996
The British colonial ensigns section of Flaggenbuch 1939 says, "The Governor of the Straits Settlements is also High Commissioner of the Malay States and Brunei".Ivan Sache, 15 January 2000This arrangement came to an end with the Japanese occupation and was not resumed after the Second World War. Straits Settlements was dissolved, Malacca and Penang joined the Malayan Union, Singapore, the Cocos Islands and Christmas Island united to form the colony of Singapore and Labuan joined the colony of North Borneo.

GPS WORKS

2008-12-31T23:10:00.002-08:00

The actual principle of GPS is very easy to appreciate, since it is exactly the same as traditional “triangulation” (although this is not quite correct, as GPS does not use angles). If one imagines an orienteer needing to locate them on a map, they first need to be able to find at least three points that they recognize in the real world, which allows them to pinpoint their location on the map. They can then measure, using a compass, the azimuth that would be needed to take them from the point on the map to their current position. A line is then drawn from each of the three points, and where the three lines meet is where they are on the map.

Translating this into the GPS world, we can replace the known points with satellites, and the azimuth with time taken for a signal to travel from each of the known points to the GPS receiver. This enables the system to work out roughly where it is located - it is where the circles representing the distance from the satellite, calculated on the basis of the travel time of the signal, intersect. Of course, this requires that the GPS locator has the same coordinated time as the satellites, which have atomic clocks on board. To do this, it cross-checks the intersection of the three circles with a fourth circle, which it acquires from another satellite.

If the four circles no longer intersect at the same point, then the GPS system knows that there is an error in it’s clock, and can adjust it by finding one common value (one second, half a second and so on) that can be applied to the three initial signals which would cause the circles to intersect in the same place. Behind the scenes, there are also many complex calculations taking place which enable the system to compensate for atmospheric distortion of the signals, and so forth, but the principle remains the same.

GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS)

2008-12-31T23:10:00.001-08:00

DEFINITION

Originally conceived as a navigation aid for the military, the Global Positioning System, or GPS, has since grown from relatively humble beginnings as different supporting technologies have been developed, some off which are within reach of consumer budgets. All that GPS does is provide a set of coordinates which represent the location of the GPS unit with respect to its latitude, longitude and elevation on planet Earth. It also provides time, which is as accurate as that given by an atomic clock. The actual application of the GPS technology is what leads to such things as navigation systems, GPS tracking devices, GPS surveying and GPS mapping. GPS in itself does not provide any functionality beyond being able to receive satellite signals and calculate position information. But it does that very well

DIFFERENTIAL GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (DGPS)

2008-12-31T23:08:00.000-08:00

Differential GPS is an enhancement and a method of increasing the accuracy of positions derived from GPS receivers. There are 3 main components in performing this system which are;

Ä Base station.
Ä Rover station.
Ä Radio link.

It uses a network of fixed ground based reference station to broadcast the difference between the positions indicated by the satellite system and the known fixed position. This station broadcast the difference between the measured satellite pseudo range and actual (internally computed) pseudo range, and receiver station may correct their pseudo range by the same amount. This correction will be sent by radio link.With DGPS, position accuracy is improved, going from 30 metres to better than 10 metres. This system requires at least 2 GPS instruments (receivers & antennas) transmitting positions from at least 4 GPS satellites. 1 GPS instrument set up on a base station with known position and the other 1 set up on a static or dynamic rover station with unknown position.

POSITIONING SATELLITES

2008-12-31T22:44:00.000-08:00

GPS receivers use the principle of "ranging". The receiver measures the distance from a location on earth to the positions of several satellites to determine the latitude and longitude of the position on earth. In all GPS observation, at least 4 GPS satellites need to be observed simultaneously.

· 1 satellite:
Suppose a GPS receiver turned on and picks up the signal of 1 satellite. The receiver tells the location of the satellite and the distance between the receiver and the satellite. But this single measurement is not a big help. At best, we can conclude that the point position given is within a rather large circle whose circumference is determined by the distance from the satellite. We are still lost.
· 2 satellites.
Now suppose that the GPS receiver picks up signals from another satellite. This helps to narrow down the location and the location is somewhere within the intersection of 2 large circles. We still do not know the exact position of the point, but things are starting to look better.

· 3 satellites.
Let’s go one better. If the receiver picks up signals from a third satellite, then the position will be known to be within the intersection of 3 circles. Now we have the position but no check on its quality.
· 4 satellites.
With 4 satellites we will get a precise point for the position and also the elevation. Here, we have a position that is accurate to 30 metres.

Land Survey Datum (LSD)

2008-12-31T19:40:00.001-08:00

= It is used for engineering project.
= Usually used the vertical datum from established BM.
LSD is differing from MSL because reduced level from established BM is referring to MSL at Klang Port.
=Reduced sounding refer to LSD can merge with land details refer to vertical datum from established BM.

Chart Datum (CD)

2008-12-31T19:39:00.000-08:00

=This is the datum plane adopted by the national authority for its published chart and tidal predictions.
= The datum only is used around of tidal observation.
= It is different at different locations.
= Depends on the range of tidal or water level.
= It will only be the same as the SD when the Hydrographic Office has analyzed the survey data and confirmed the suitability of field surveyor’s choice. The surveyor cannot establish CD in field.
= CD is defined by the International Hydrographic Bureau (IHB) as a level below which the tide will but seldom fall.
= In none-tidal waters, CD is normally established at MSL.
= Because LAT is so difficult to define precisely, CD for Admiralty and Australian charts has been more broadly defined as the level below which no predicted tide shall fall more than 0.1m.

Sounding Datum (SD)

2008-12-31T19:38:00.002-08:00

= This is the datum plane to which soundings are reduced in the course of a hydrographic survey and is therefore the datum used when compiling the Fair Chart or Final Tracing.
= It is the datum which the field surveyor will establish and adopt.
= Ideally SD should be the same as Chart Datum (CD), but may well differ particularly when the original survey is very old.
= One of these methods is to be used when establishing datum;
· Recover a previously established SD or CD in the survey area by leveling from benchmarks.
· Transfer datum from a place close to the survey area where CD or SD is already established, by taking simultaneous tidal observations over a period.
· Establish a new datum from observations.

Lowest Astronomical Tide (LAT)

2008-12-31T19:38:00.001-08:00

= LAT is the lowest level that can be predicted to occur under average meteorological conditions and under any combination of astronomical conditions.
= There is no simple formula or rule available to calculate LAT from observations or tidal constituents.
= It can only be obtained properly by studying tidal predictions covering several years (18.6 years ideally), as level of LAT will not be reached every year.

Mean Tide Level (MTL)

2008-12-31T19:37:00.000-08:00

=This must never be confused with MSL.
= MTL is defined as the mean of all HWS and LWS over a period of time.
= It is not (at present) possible to convert simply from MSL to MTL (or vice versa) at any point.
= MTL and MSL will only coincide when tidal curve is a perfect sine curve and this rarely occurs.

DEFINITION OF DATUMS

2008-12-31T19:36:00.000-08:00

Mean Sea Level (MSL)

= MSL is the natural reference level of the geoid, and is defined as the average level taken up by the sea along a long period (18.6 years if possible).
= In practice it is obtained from the mean of all tide readings or MSL is the average level taken up by the sea.
= It coincides very nearly with the geoid.
= The accuracy of MSL depends on a long period of tidal observation.
= The best result can be obtained with 18.6 years observation.
= MSL is the best vertical reference level we have and as such is the basic reference level for tides.
= Observed MSL is subject to change due;
· Polar melting or glacial activity.
· Meteorological effects (rain, wind, pressure).
· Short period effects (sea, swell, surges, etc.).
· Tectonics (crustal changes).
· Astronomical effects (changes in MSL due to the combined effect like seasonal meteorological variation).
· Mean of all tide readings over a long period (30 days to 18.6 years).
· Multiple of 25 hourly observations (preferably 3 days to 75 hours).
· Mean of 25 hourly observations (poorer value).

DATUMS

2008-12-31T19:35:00.000-08:00

When conducting a survey, the surveyor needs to measure heights and depths above or below certain fixed level, which are referred to as datum’s. The datum to which depths are to be reduced is fundamental to any survey and will contain details of how this is to be established.

2008-12-13T06:08:00.000-08:00

Why we all born to this life?

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Coordinate Transformation

2008-12-11T06:12:00.000-08:00

There are several types coordinate that we use in cadastral survey in world. Nowaday, the cassini coordinate show in the certified plan in cadastral. This coordinate system will exchange to the new coodinate system. That we call GDM2000.. i have a problem about how to convert cassini coordinate to rso coordinate. i hope somebody can solve my problem. I just want to know the formula.that it...

Boomelake

Survey For Prove the Boundary Line

2008-11-25T16:39:00.000-08:00

The old survey for this survey is undertaken at year 1962. But the boundary mark still in the correct position. That why I’m very respect the old surveyor. Because they do the job with quality.The displacement between new-po for the baseline is very good about 20”… I and with other member’s from ‘juruukur semasa’ start this job with traverse. Using satisfactory datum and traverse around the lot while find the boundary mark. But today in afternoon, I feel very tired. Mybe not enough sleep last night… after finish the job, I take some note to refer in feature if I make the mistake. To all member’s , visit my blog if all of you want find some extra knownlegde

UITM LEARNING SUBJECT IN GEOMATIC COURSE

2008-11-20T17:39:00.000-08:00

SUG101
COMPUTER APPLICATION I
= learn about programming
= Microsoft excel
= what is computer?

SUG111
INTRODUCTORY SURVEYING
= chain survey
= compass survey
= plantable survey
= introduction make the traverse using thedolite
= bearing and angle

SUG113
ENGINEERING SURVEYING I
= basic principal of EDM
= the wave from total station
= what is lavelling?
= how to perform this practical?
= make the traverse and take the detail around control
= cross set n long set

SUG121
CADASTRAL SURVEYING I
= theory about partition,sub-division,amalgation
= how to prove the datum…
= practical : make a new lot

SUG134
FIELD ASTRONOMY
= study of time around the world
= star
= gerhana bulan dan matahari
= practical: solar observation

SUG201
COMPUTER APPLICATION II
= learn how to using solfware:
1) CDS(civil design n survey)
2) Autocad 2004
= combination autocad n CDS

SUG213
ENGINEERING SURVEYING II
= curve
= setting out
= mine survey
= practical: traverse,make the detail,cross set n long set, and process the data using solfware….

SUG221
CADASTRAL SURVEYING II
= first alienation of survey
= base line
=re-survey
= right of way
=natural boundary
= cadastral processing system
= road reserve
= F2F concept..
=right line
= party wall survey
= practical: sub-division work

Make the point for GPS at kuala Perlis

2008-10-27T17:46:00.000-07:00

Demarkcation survey at ladang gadek, melaka

2008-10-27T17:35:00.000-07:00

Sub-division survey practical at UiTM

2008-10-26T22:18:00.000-07:00

PENGENALAN KEPADA GARIS ASAS

2008-10-26T22:16:00.000-07:00

Konsep

Kebiasaannya, garis asas digunakan dalam kerja tanam pastian untuk ukur kadaster. Konsepnya adalah bahawa nilai lama yang dicerap dari pelan akui dan nilai baru daripada pengukuran terbaru berada di dalam satu kedudukan. Oleh itu,nilai lama akan dilaras bagi membolehkan kerja-kerja tanam pastian dilakukan. Sila muatkan dalam minda bahawa garis asas adalah sebahagian daripada datum yang diguna pakai ukur kadaster iaitu penggunaan 3 batu sempadan, 2 batu sempadan dengan cerapan matahari ataupun system pendudukan sejagat (GPS). Semasa membuktikan nilai pengukuran baru dan lama,adalah jarang untuk mendapati nilai kedua-duanya adalah sama ataupun tepat kerana setiap juruukur adalah berbeza. Sebagai contoh apabila sesuatu lot diukuresuatu lot diukur berulang kali, ketepatannya mungkin melebihi ukuran kelas pertama. Langkah seterusnya adalah orientasi dan pengskalaan. Nilai ukuran lama contohnya perbandingan antara nilai baru dan nilai lama terdapat perbezaan samaada bearing dan jarak (-30” perbezaan bearing dan 0.004 adalah perbezaan jarak). -30” bermaksud yang perlu dilakukan pada setiap garisan dalam ukuran lama manakala 0.004 m adalah nilai tutupan lama dan baru. Pengskalaan adalah melalui pendaraban nilai garisan lama yang tertentu dengan jumlah jarak baru yang dibahagi dengan jumlah jarak terlaras. Orientasi dan pengskalaan adalah bertujuan untuk melakukan tanam pastian kerana nilai jarak dan bearing adalah berkaitan samaada nilai pengukuran baru dan nilai pengukuran lama. Orientasi & pengskalaan adalah kata kunci bagi penggunaan garis asas dalam ukur kadaster. “maklumat diterbitkan melalui pendapat daripada Mr Idham Lai(surveyor) daripada syarikat Juruukur semasa, MELAKA”

PA FORMAT A3

2008-10-19T19:24:00.000-07:00

Certified plan divided into 3 types.
Format A-Rectangle shape (graphic area)Format B-Horizontal shape (graphic area)Format C-Vertical shape (graphic area)Refer to JUPEM circular 6/1998.
The criteria is as belowFormat A1.
Minimum margin (up&down / left&right) : 13.5mm / 15mm2. Space for test : 80mm x 270mm3. Space for graphic : 270mm x 310 mmFormat B1.
Minimum margin (up&down / left&right) : 15mm / 13.5mm2. Space for test : 390mm x 80mm3. Space for graphic : 390mm x 190 mmFormat C1.
Minimum margin (up&down / left&right) : 13.5mm / 15mm2. Space for test : 80mm x 390mm3. Space for graphic : 190mm x 390 mmSize of A3 is 297mm x 420mm.

JURUUKUR SEMASA,MELAKA

2008-10-06T12:38:00.000-07:00

MR. LAI 'SURVEYOR'

r.lai merupakan seorang surveyor dari syarikat juruukur semasa yang berpusat di melaka.syarikat ini dimiliki oleh mr tan chwi seng.beliau juga merupakan bekas pensyarah universiti teknologi malaysia.

http://Surveyor's club.com

Antara Kesilapan Apabila Mengira Cerapan Matahari

Star Almanac 2011

Apa itu GSA 1960 Act( Tanah Rancangan Berkelompok)

Xjemu ke???

My favourite Song Hacked by Another People

"Qistina Reny" Dalam ingatan 1985-2011

Digital Elevation Model

GPS Technique And It Application

Problem In Malay Reserve Land

"Dead is noted for us"

TITLE SURVEY MODULE (TSM)

PROCEDURE FOR TRAVERSE (TSM)

Die bukan milik kita

Panduan Menulis Laporan Industri Pelajar AP UiTM

Hobi Atau Minat..????

Taubat anda sebelum berkesempatan

Perubahan Dalam Masa 4 Tahun...

Survey of Land

Surveyor's berwajah baru..... :)

Apa itu Pajakan tanah?

State land tiada hak untuk memulangkan Tanah dalam bentuk Pajakan

Introduction to C++ Programming

Dasymetric mapping

Choropleth mapping

Jenks Optimization

Standard deviation

Quantiles

Equal Interval

Natural breaks

Classification Quantitative Data

Numbering in strata

The Concept in strata

Introduction Of Strata Title Survey

Single-ended Trigonometrical Heighting

Trigonometrical heighting

Trigonometrical heighting

Trilateration in geodetic control

Trilateration Theory

Triangulation in geodetic control network

Triangulation Theory

Tolerance

Equal Shift Adjustment

Aku putus cinta

GNSS SPECIFICATIONS

Global navigation satellites system (GNSS)

GATED AND GUARDED COMMUNITY IN STRATA

"I LOST MY BESTFRIENDS"

State cassini System in Malaysia

Geodesy???

Sextant

Variable plan in hidrographic survey

Types of aerial photographs

Types of aerial photographs

Types of aerial photographs

DETAIL SURVEY PRINCIPLE

DETAILS SURVEYING

CONTROL NETWORK

BATHYMETRIC CHART

A hydrographic survey may be conducted to support a variety of activities:

INTRODUCTION OF HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEYING

Vertical Photograph

Types of aerial photographs

Brief History of Photogrammetry

Introduction to geodesy...!!!!

Photogrammetry is making the MAPs

GPS NAVIGATOR

My diary

Advantages of Torrens System

New semester,new assigment i got..

GPS WORKS

GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS)

DIFFERENTIAL GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (DGPS)

POSITIONING SATELLITES

Land Survey Datum (LSD)

Chart Datum (CD)

Sounding Datum (SD)

Lowest Astronomical Tide (LAT)

Mean Tide Level (MTL)

DEFINITION OF DATUMS